Korean communications equipment makers have indicated that major vendors such as Nortel, Lucent, Alcatel, and Air Broadband have already implemented R&D timelines to coincide with the formal rollout of WiBro. This influx, in part attributable to improving interoperability between WiBro and the 802.16e standard, is also motivated by a desire to gain first-mover advantage in what will likely be a major testing ground for mobile WiMAX. Korean players, such as Samsung Electronics, Posdata, and Infravalley, are expected to be hit hard by the growing number of competitors.